| Peter Johnson Gulick | |
|---|---|
| Born | March 12, 1796 Freehold Borough, New Jersey |
| Died | December 8, 1877 (aged 81) Kobe, Japan |
| Nationality | United States |
| Occupation | Missionary |
| Spouse | Fanny Hinckley Thomas |
| Children | 8 |
| Parents | John Gulick Lydia Combs |
Peter Johnson Gulick (March 12, 1796 – December 8, 1877) was a missionary to the Kingdom of Hawaii and Japan. He was patriarch of a family that also carried on the tradition of missionary work, and included several scientists.
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Peter Johnson Gulick was born March 12, 1796 in Freehold Borough, New Jersey. He enrolled in Lawrenceville School from 1820 to 1822. Along with James Brainerd Taylor (1801–1829) and two other students, Gulick helped found Princeton University's Philadelphian Society of Nassau Hall (1825–1930, now called Princeton Evangelical Fellowship).[1] [2] [3] [4] He graduated from Princeton in 1825, and the Princeton Theological Seminary in 1827. On September 5, 1827 he married Frances "Fanny" Hinckley Thomas who was born April 16, 1798 in Lebanon, Connecticut. His father was John Gulick (1766–1838) and mother was Lydia Combs (1768–1836).[5] He was ordained as a Presbyterian minister on October 3, 1827. On November 3, 1827 they left Boston as part of the third company of missionaries from the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions.[6]:24
They arrived in Honolulu, Hawaii on March 30, 1828 and were first assigned to the mission at Waimea on the island of Kauaʻi. In 1835 they moved to Kōloa on Kauaʻi, where the Kōloa sugar plantation had just been started by Ladd & Co. After the Ladd company failed in 1843 they moved to the island of Molokaʻi where they assisted Harvey Rexford Hitchcock and his wife Rebecca Howard Hitchcock. In 1847 they moved to Waialua on the island of Oʻahu. In 1857 they moved to Honolulu.[6]:24 His brother William Gulick married Fanny's sister Eliza Throop Thomas (1804–1903) and their son Charles T. Gulick (1841–1897) also came to Hawaii.[7]
The Gulicks went to Kobe, Japan to join his sons in 1874 where he died December 8, 1877. Fanny died May 24, 1883 in Kobe. They had 8 children who traveled throughout the world.
Son Luther Halsey Gulick was born in Honolulu on June 10, 1828, married Louisa Lewis October 29, 1850, became a missionary physician and died on April 8, 1891 in Springfield, Massachusetts.[6]:92 Their son Sidney Lewis Gulick (1860–1945) was a minister in Japan and educator in the US. Sidney's son also named Luther Halsey Gulick (1892–1993) was a social scientist. Their son Luther Halsey Gulick Jr. (1865–1918) was a physician who founded Camp Fire Girls and supervised the invention of basketball.[8] Luther Jr.'s daughter Frances Gulick (1891–1936) operated a canteen for servicemen near the front lines of World War I.[9][10]
Son Orramel Hinckley Gulick was born in Honolulu October 7, 1830, married Ann Eliza Clark (1833–1938), daughter of missionary Ephraim Weston Clark (1799–1878), became a missionary to Japan, returned to Hawaii, and died September 18, 1923.[6]:24[11] They published a history of the missions in 1918.[12]
Son John Thomas Gulick was born March 13, 1832 on Kauaʻi, became a missionary and biologist and died April 14, 1923. He exchanged ideas on some of the early theories of evolution with Charles Darwin.[13]
Son Charles Finney Gulick was born April 10, 1834 in Honolulu and died January 18, 1854 in Glenhaven, New York before he could attend college.[14]
Son William Hooker Gulick was born November 18, 1835 on Kauaʻi. He first traveled to Venezuela and Colombia. He married Alice Gordon Kitteredge December 12, 1871 and became a missionary to Spain in 1871.[15] They founded Instituto Internacional in Madrid as a school for girls in 1892.[16] He moved to Boston in 1919 where he died April 14, 1922.[17]
Son Theodore Weld Gulick was born May 8, 1837 (named for Theodore Dwight Weld), married Mary Agnes Thompson in 1867. He trained as a dentist, but became a missionary to various places from Kyoto, Japan to Milwaukee, Wisconsin. He died April 7, 1924 in Long Beach, California. Their son Walter Vose Gulick, (April 14, 1870–February 10, 1922) became a physician and author in Washington State.[18][19]
Son Thomas Lafron Gulick was born April 10, 1839, married Alice E. Walbridge (1844–1911) in 1872, and joined his brother William in Spain in 1873.[14] In 1883 they left Spain and worked in Cuba, Las Vegas, and New Mexico. They returned to Hawaii in 1886 and was pastor of Makawao Union Church 1887–1892. In 1893 they moved to Philadelphia where she was matron and he chaplain at the Penn Presbyterian Medical Center.[20] On an expedition with Samuel Thomas Alexander and Annie Montague Alexander to Africa, he died on August 15, 1904 in Kijabe, Kenya.[21]
Daughter Julia Ann Eliza Gulick was born June 5, 1845, and moved with her parents to live with Orramel in Kobe in 1874. She worked as a missionary there, until returning to Honolulu and working with Japanese people in Hawaii, and died in 1936.[22] She, Orramel, John, and Sidney are buried in the Mission House cemetery at Kawaiahaʻo Church.[23]
Since Julia had not yet been born when Luther Halsey left for the United States in 1840, the family never was all together in the same place at one time. All the children except Luther graduated from Punahou School[24] Luther served as a trustee from 1865-1870.[25]
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Peter Johnson Gulick (1796–1877) |
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Fanny Hinckley Thomas (1798–1883) |
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Luther Halsey Gulick Sr. (1828–1891) |
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Orramel Hinckley Gulick (1830–1923) |
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John Thomas Gulick (1832–1923) |
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William Hooker Gulick (1835–1922) |
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Theodore Weld Gulick (1837–1924) |
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Thomas Lafron Gulick (1839–1904) |
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| Sarah Frances Gulick (1854–1937) |
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Sidney Gulick (1860–1945) |
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Luther Gulick (1865–1918) |
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Luther Halsey Gulick (1892–1993) |
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Sidney Lewis Gulick Jr. (1902–1988) |
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Frances Jewett Gulick (1891–1936) |
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Denny Gulick | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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